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12. One short pulse of light, emitted as a parallel beam, when focused by a lens, carries sufficiently concentrated energy.

13. It is of great importance when working with any optical Instrument to know its resolving power.

14. Later, when dealing with alternating electric currents which can be defined as a form of wave motion, we will be meeting the word "phase".

15. The fact that long-lived radioisotopes continually emit energy leads to the interesting possibility of developing an energy source that can operate for long periods wTien completely isolated.

4. Переведите предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод конструкции «при-частие-Ьннфимнтив», употребленной в функции определения (§ 25). Назовите глаголы - первые компоненты конструкций, после которых может следовать инфинитив.

Образец:

, The ionization expected to exist...

Ионизация, которая, как предполагают, существует...

1. The rocket is the only power plant known to be independent of the atmosphere.

2. The G-iayer is an ionized layer thought to exist at a height of 300-400 miles in the Earths atmosphere.

3. The diameter of Saturn supposed to be 75,100 miles through the equatorial region is about 9V2 times the Earths diameter.

4. On June 30, 1908 a meteorite estimated* to have weighed 40,000 tons fell in Siberia.

5. The pilot is given regular information on the weather likely to be met in flight.

6. The atomic rocket is a power plant appearing to find great application in future.

7. Electric charge of a body is made evident by the attractive or repulsive force found to exist between charged bodies.

5. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функцию и способ перевода причастия со стоящим За ним инфинитивом (§ 25).

Сравните:

The ionization expected to exist...

Ионизация, которая, как предполагают, существует...

The ionization is expected to exist...

Ионизация, как предполагают, существует....

1. Radar is known to be used to locate aircraft. Radar known to be used to locate aircraft found its application during World War П.

» estimate - подсчитать, установить



2. One of the Siberian meteorites is estimated to have had a diameter of 30 feet.

3. One of meteorites estimated to have had a diameter of 30 feet fell in Siberia.

e. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа место обособленного причастного оборота в предложении и иа способ его перевода (§ 23).

Образец:

The friction of the air producing much heat, the body.„ Так как при трении о воздух выделяется большое количество тепла, тело... ...the electrons moving round the nucleus. ...причем электроны движутся вокруг ядра .

1. The Earths orbit being an ellipse (not a circle), the distance between the Earth and the Sun constantly changes as the Earth revolves around the Sun.

2. The 100-inch telescope can photograph about 100 million stellar* systems, each containing many thousands of million stars.

3. The components of the velocity of a body moving in the air being known, the resultant velocity may be found.

4. The Earth is not a perfect sphere, but a little flattened at the poles, the polar diameter being 26 miles less than equatorial.

5. The distance between Jupiter and the Earth varies because of the different orbital periods of these two bodies, the difference between the maximum and minimum distances being the diameter of the Earths orbit.

6. The pressure being known at some point in the flow of air, the pressure at another point on the same streamline may be calculated by Bernoullis law.

7. Most elements have stable atoms, but some like radium or uranium undergo radioactive decay and change into other elements, the change being accomplished by a release of energy.

8. After the first nuclear disintegration experiments in 1919 similar experiments took place during the next decade, natural radioactive materials being used as a source of energetic particles.

9. The heat being proportional to the square of the current, the rise in temperature in a hot-wire instrument is also proportional to the square of current.

10. A magnetic field surrounds a current-carrying wire, its strength decreasing as the distance from the wire surface increases.

11. It has been calculated that about 24 million visible meteors reach the Earths atmosphere every 24 hours, their total weight amounting to about 5 tons per day.

• stellar - звездный

• flatten - делать плоским, сплющивать decay-распад



12. Stars differ tremendously in size, ttie largest ones being several times the size of the Sun and the smallest star being about the size of the Moon.

13. The 101 elements that were discovered or predicted up to 1956 have atomic numbers from 1 to 101, all gaps between these numbers having been filled by now.

14. During the period 1925-1935 many nuclear transformations were produced using as bombarding particles protons, alpha particles, or gamma-rays, these usually being obtained from the particle-accelerating machines, primarily the cyclotron.

7. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на способ перевода обособленного причастного оборота с предлогом with (§ 23, п. 3).

Образец:

With the airplanes flying higher and faster... Теперь, когда самолеты летают выше и быстрее... ...with atoms loosing electrons. ...причем атомы теряют электроны.

1. The nucleus of an ordinary hydrogen atom consists of one proton, with one electron moving round it.

2. With to-days rockets having as many as 10,000 separate components, miniaturization of components is an important phase of development.

3. A cylinder of a gasoline engine is like a gun, with the piston taking the place of a bullet*.

4. The power of the solar radiation emission was very variable, with emission occuring sometimes for several day.

5. When sufficient altitude is reached the vertical take-off airplane levels off and flies as an ordinary airplane with the wing providing supporting lift.

6. With magnesium already being used greatly, the three materials: titanium, zirconium and -magnesium have greatly reduced the weight of the aircraft.

7. Over 100 different isotopes of more than 20 different elements have been detected among fission products of uranium. All of these atoms are, however, in the middle of the periodic table, with atomic numbers ranging from34 to 58.

8. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа причастные обороты, которым предшествует союз as (§ 24).

1. As noted above, in order to lose its entire energy a 5-MeV particle must have about 10 collisions.

2. As shown in Fig. 91, beta particles are stopped by less than 1 inch of solid material,

* bullet -пуля

* pccuf - происходить



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