11. There are several components common to most turbine engines.

12. The air in the atmosphere close to the earth is compressed by the weight of the air.

13. Neptune and Pluto, visible only with the telescope, were discovered in 1846 and 1930 respectively.

14. It is clear that to observe radiation in the wavelength range extending from 2900 A to 1 A or less, it is necessary to send equipment up to altitudes unattainable by balloons.

15. The wavelength resolution achievable by pulse height analysis is illustrated in fig. 70.

4. Переведите группы существительных. Начинайте перевод с основного слова, которое стоит последним в группе. Затем поставьте соответствующие вопросы к каждому последующему слову, двигаясь справа налево.

Помните, что при переводе слов придется по смыслу решать, является лн переводимое слово определением к стоящему от него справа слову или оно относится к основному слову группы (§ 84-86).

1. а satellite-carrying rocket

2. pressure-measuring devices

3. rocket-assisted take-off

4. laboratory-obtained velocities

5. acceleration-dependent force

6. piston-engined aircraft

7. first man-made earth satellite

8. present-day high-powered engines

9. neutron-produced nuclear reaction

10. high-speed passenger-carrying airplane

11. newest deep sea current measuring device .

12. rocket-propelled anti-aircraft missile

13. pressurized liquid-propellant rocket power plant

14. irst liquid-propellant rocket engine

5. Переведите предложения, содержащие группы существительных.

Помните, что основное слово стоит последним в ряду слов, между которыми нет ни артиклей, ни предлогов. За основным словом может стоять предлог, причастие, прилагательное нли союзное слово, имеющее значение «который» (§ 83).

1. On April. 12, 1961, in the U.S.S.R., the worlds first satellite spaceship «Vostok», with a man on board, was put into orbit round the Earth.

2. Isotope power sources have some limitations.

3. The normal wavelength range covered in astronomy is 3,000 to 9,000 A.

4. Different automatic pilot systems provide a wide variety, of control.

5. K. E. Tsiolkovsky, in 1903, made the first specific liquid-propellant rocket engine proposal published in "The Scientific Observer".. .

6. Low-energy radio waves are reflected and absorbed by the electrons and ionsx»f the ionosphere.

7. Propellant flow rates must be extremely large for high-thrust engines.

8. The large long-range space probes carry large amount of equipment.

9. The performance of a rocket is determined largely by the rocket-propellant combination and the total amount of usable propellants.

10. The gas-filled free balloons are used for scientific purposes.

11. There are several types of pressure-sensitive measuring devices which are in use to-day.

12. The pressure-fed systems do not require pumps and turbines.

13. A lightweight, highly efficient insulating material designed to protect a space vehicles liquid hydrogen fuel against evaporation has been developed recently.

14. The pressurized liquid-propellant power plant has been used for rocket-assisted take-off power plants for aircraft.

15. Guided missile and high-supersonic-speed piloted aircraft are typical ramjet applications. ч

16. The production of light-weight, high-strength cases is a major development problem in the solid-rocket field.

e. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа то, что существительное-приложение при переводе должно стоять в том же падеже, что н существительное, к которому оно относится (§ 91).

Образец:

The article deals with the Instrument for measuring temperature - the thermometer.

В статье рассматривается прибор для измерения температуры - термометр.

1. In the preceding chapter we introduced the electric generator, the machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

2. A good deal of our knowledge of the Earths nearest neighbour, the Moon, has been gained through the observations of astronomers.

3. The modern concept of the atom is based on quantum mechanics, a mathematical theory which helps to predict the behaviour of electrons in atomic systems as a function of t and in the presence of radiant energy.

4. The idea of an automatic computer, a machine able to perform a great number of operations of both arithmetic and logic is more than 120 years old.

5. The performance of propellants is characterized by the

specific impulse, a measure of tfie number of pounds of tiirust produced per pound of propellant consumed per second.

6. Almost tiie whole "mass" of the atom is contained in the nucleus which is composed of protons - the carriers of the positive charge -and neutral "neutrons".

7. Переведите предложения.

Заметьте, что существительные со значением «факт, вопрос, проблема, свойство», сопровождаемые пояснительными словами, могут играть роль приложения, относящегося ко всей предшествующей части предложения.

Образец:

The main disadvantage of gas turbine is high fuel consumption, a problem that can be solved...

Основным недостатком газовой турбины является большой расход топлива - проблема, которую можно решить... (Эту проблему можно разрешить...)

1. И was shown in 1938 that uranium, after absorption of a slow neutron, can split approximately into halves -a process that soon became known as fission.

2. It is interesting to remark that 746 watts is equal to 1 horsepower, a comparison that serves to give some idea of the power represented by 1 watt.

3. It turned out that a gas upon expanding undergoes a reduction in pressure, a fact which is helpful in studying the mixture of several gases.

4. In recent years particles of atomic nuclei have been split into two, a process called fission, and, also, some nuclei have been merged* with others, a process called fusion.

5. The current sensitivity of a voltmeter is often expressed in ohms per volt, a value obtained by dividing the resistance of the voltmeter by its capacity.

6. The direction of a beam of light can be altered by reflection or refraction, a process upon which are based the design and operation of most optical instruments.

7. As we have already noted, the heavy charged particle can also interact with the nucleus (Rutherford scattering), a process of great importance in the development of the theory of the nucleus.

8. Переведите предложения.

Помните, что слово since может быть союзом и предлогом и а зави. симостн от этого переводится по-разному: since (cJ) - «так как», «с тех пор, как»; since (ргр) - «с» (со времени).

1. Since the distance of the electrons from the nucleus is about a hundred thousands times as large as the diameter of the nucleus, most of the atom consists of empty space,