10. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения местоимения It.

1. It is possible from tlie results of Cavetidistis experiment to determine tite mass of tite Earth.

2. It is known that the wave nature of light, because of diffraction, sets a limit on the resolving power of the optical microscope.

3. It was the Russians who provided the first artificial planet. Lunik I, which was launched on January 22, 1959, and passed the Moon at a distance of a few thousand miles only.

4. The light of the Sun is generally regarded as yellow, it is, however, much whiter than the light from ordinary artificial* sources of light.

5. The solution of Maxwells equations shows that it is possible for varying electric and magnetic fields to propagate in space as an electromagnetic wave.

6. It should be pointed out that the ability of the electron microscope to form an image does not depend on the wave properties of the electrons. It is only when considerations of resolving power arise that the electron wavelengths come into the picture.

7. On the return to Earth the capsule of Luna 16 landed in the planned area. It was completely in order with no detectable damage.

8. It was Maxwell who made the great discovery that the equations governing the behaviour of electric waves are equally applicable to light.

9. The study of ferrites is a very extensive subject; here it is sufficient to state that ferrites are substances possessing special magnetic properties which can be varied by the application of an external magnetic field.

10. It is found that the Sun does not rotate like a solid body; at the equator a complete rotation takes place in 24V« days, but in heliographic latitude 30°, it takes 26»/« days.

11. It is of great interest to determine whether other stars, in common with the Sun, possess a corona and chromosphere.

12. Up to the present it has not been possible to detect molecular hydrogen in the universe.

13. The precise nature of the tremendous force inside the nucleus is not known, but it involves the particles- called mesons. It is to learn about the mesons and the forces that they create that large machines such as cyclotrons, cosmotrons and betatrons are built.

14. It is natural to consider first whether it is possible to improve the accuracy of observational tests of the general theory of relativity by using artificial satellites.

« artificial - искусственный latitude - широтз

15. In circuit tiieory it is convenient to assume that currents and voltages vary sinusoidally.

16. It is of interest to note that these methods are expected to influence a significant part of the electrical industry.

17. It requires a period a little short of two days for Mars to complete one revolution on its orbit.

18. It seems from recent research in biophysics and biochemistry that all terrestrial life is based on the properties of the molecules of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

19. It is hard to believe that such technical problems will not be solved shortly.

20. It is possible to investigate Martian biology by automatic methods so that exobiological studies do not need to await manned landings.

II. Повторение. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод различных форм глагола-сказуемого:

А. Временные формы глагола-сказуемого

1. In recent years а variety of semiconductor devices have been developed for use as components in electronic circuits.

2. Whenever we see that an object suddenly begins to move, we assume at once that something has acted, or is acting, upon to produce the change.

3. Work is being done by new methods, and we can now have full confidence that the speed of light in a vacuum is not far from 2.9979X10" cm/sec.

4. The most famous of these almost stable atoms is radium, which was successfully isolated by the Curies in France and since then has been widely used for medical treatment.

5. A treatment of the composition of the atmosphere would not be complete if attention were not given to the phenomena of atmospheric electricity connected thereto.

6. In the previous chapters some of the so-called fundamental particles of physics have been discussed and some of their properties have been enumerated.

7. Within the last few years spaceships loaded with delicate instruments have been leaving the Earth to study the Moon and the planets close-by.

8. Solar plasma is frequently called "solar wind" and consists of charged particles that are continually streaming outward from the Sun.

9. Before space vehicles became available a considerable body of information about upper air had already been built up.

10. So far we have been discussing atmospheric effects which are controlled by the electromagnetic radiation from the quiet Sun.

11. Several scientific experiments are being carried aboard the Sun study satellite. The instruments will scan the solar disc every two seconds when the spacecraft is in sunlight.

12. A special instrument, the "field electron microscope", has been built for the exploration of metal surfaces. These investigations have led to images of single molecules.

13. This chapter has provided the preliminary knowledge of the nuclei that will be needed for the discussion of spectroscopy and the periodic table of elements.

14. As in all branches of the subject, improved equipment is being designed to provide much more detailed and definite information about the variation of X-ray intensity at different wavelengths over the solar disc.

15. When the Earth was being formed, any hydrogen or helium atoms near it were made to move so fast by solar radiation that they escaped from the Earths gravitation just as if they were rockets exceeding the modern Earths escape velocity.

16. Methods of putting the principles of radar into practice will be dealt with later.

Б. Формы сослагательного наклонения (§ 34-40)

1. A lunar mission requires that at least 95 per cent of escape velocity be achieved to reach the vicinity of the Moon.

2. For interplanetary trips, it is necessary that the vehicle exceed escape velocity.

3. Were it not for the atmosphere, the very lowest energy particles would penetrate to the earths surface at the geomagnetic poles.

4. Cou d our eyes view centimeter radio waves, we would see a much larger Sun.

5. If Antares were our Sun, it would extend too far beyond the orbit of Mars.

6. Because of the high temperature on the sunny side. Mercurys atmosphere, if it had any, must have escaped long ago.

7. Newton concluded that if the horizontal velocity of a cannon ball were great enough, the curvature of the falling ball would be the same as the curvature of the Earth and the cannon ball would go all the way round the Earth.

8. The tanks used for holding liquid hydrogen in a nuclear rocket would need to be double-walled with a vacuum maintained between the walls.

9. The vacuum might also be produced by filling the space with some gas which would condense at the temperature of liquid hydrogen.