11. The detailed mathematical investigation of the orbits of a charged particle entering the field of a magnetic dipole from a great distance showed that in no case could such particles be trapped .

12. No longer can we, with absolute truth, say of light that it travels in straight lines. No longer can we say, convincingly that parallel lines never meet; nor that the straight line joining two points is the shortest distance between them.

8. Переведите предложения.

Помните, что служебное слово not until может быть союзом или предлогом: cj -«только, когда»; ргр -«только в», «только после». Заметьте, что после служебного слова not until может употребляться инверсия.

• 1. The phenomena of electricity was discovered quite early, but not until the end of the last century was it known that electricity is nothing but a flow of charged particles, which the bcientibt named electrons.

2. Not until the seventeenth century did man begin to understand pressure.

3. Not until mechanics of fluids, mechanics of solids and applied mathematics were sufficiently advanced was it possible to solve the main problems of flight mechanics.

4. The quantity of solar radiation received at outer layers of the earths atmosphere on a unit of surface in a unit of time is called the solar constant. Its value has been estimated to be 1.94 cal/cm/min. Not until this radiation is absorbed is heat liberated.

5. Tycho Brahe collected a vast number of individual observations about the motion of the planets and Kepler brought order into these by deducing from them his three laws, but not until Newton had proposed his law of universal gravitation, could a consistent3 scheme be built up.

6. Not until 1896 was it found that compounds of uraniuTn emitted rays that affected* a photographic plate covered with black paper.

7. The first extraterrestrial radio waves were discovered accidentally in the 1930. However, not until 15 years after the fiTst observation did the science of radio astronomy begin to make noticeable progress.

9. Повторение. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа перевод сослагательного наклонения (§ 34-40).

1. It has always been the hope of chemists and physicists that the atomic weight of all elements would prove to be whole numbers.

trap - захватывать

convincingly - с уверенностью

* consistent - зд. логичный, стройный

affect - оказывать влияние

2. The continual increase of weight of the spacecraft might appear to be necessary to communicate over increasingly large distances.

3. It would appear to be certain that most important application of this device will not be on earth but ou-tside our planet.

4. Although in principle a nuclear chain reaction might appear to be simple, for many years no nuclear reactions were known that had the needed self-propagating property.

5. Gas-cooled reactors would seem to be the most suitable for this purpose.

Лексические упражнения

10. Переведите предложения, содержащие глагол to feed (7,1). Укажите, от чего зависит выбор перевода глагола.

1. Originally the radio equipment and navigation lights were usually fed with electric current from small generators driven by the engine.

2. The unit burned liquid oxygen and a mixture of alcohol and water which were fed into the combustion chamber by special pumps.

3. In the case of the bevatron (a proton synchrotron) a special accelerator feeds protons into the machine at about 10 MeV.

11. Переведите предложения, содержащие слова одного словообразовательного ряда. Обратите особое внимание на многозначность существительного extent (7,7). Укажите, на значение каких слов вы опирались при выборе перевода 8т0г0 существительного.

extent п, extend v, extended а, extensive а, extensively adv

1. Infra-red radiation emitted by hot bodies extends from about 0.1 mm down to 7,000 A.

2. During the past year some success has been achieved in extending the range of spectrographic measurements into the soft X-ray region.

3. The evidence from observations of meteors appears to indicate that our atmosphere extends upward at least 500 miles.

4. Through experiments it has been determined that the maximum temperature at which a man can maintain efficiency for extended periods is 80° F.

5. Unfortunately, the period of visibility of a comet is generally too short to allow any extensive measurements.

6. These instruments are extensively used for alternating current measurements.

7. The extent of calculations involved in making Keplers discoveries are quite surprising.

8. Hershels (an astronomer of the 18th century) attempt to determine the extent of the Milky Way had largely failed.

9. The resistance varies to some extent with temperature.

10. Since all fluids possess viscosity at least to some extent, the analysis of most flow systems requires consideration of the various forces involved.

12. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод слов neither и nor (7,14).

neither... nor ни... ни

neither а никакой, ни один (из)

neither с/ также не

nor cj также не

1. During the last thirty or forty years the attention of physicists has been turning increasingly toward such phenomena which could neither be discovered nor analysed without special experimental technique.

2. The upper atmosphere emits light of two kinds, but neither is visible by day against the background of the bright sky.

3. Liquid oxygen systems are not particularly difficult to service, nor are they usually dangerous, provided all the necessary safety measures are taken.

13. Переведите предложения, содержащие глагол lo add и его производные. Обратите внимание на многозначность этого глагола (7,16).

1. То improve fuels light metals such as lithium, boron and beryllium are added. •

2. If heat is added as the air passes through the tunnel, the air will expand to occupy the increased volume without suffering a loss of velocity.

3. To add large numbers is one of the performances of a computer.

4. Over 400 illustrations add to the value of this book.

5. The I. G. Y. (International Geophysical Year) cosmic ray program has added greatly to our knowledge of earth-sun relationship.

6. Through many experiments we received additional evidence on the influence of magnetic conditions in interplanetary space on the intensity of cosmic radiation.

7. In addition to providing efficient thrust in level flight, the propeller must be able to convert total engine power to thrust for take-off.

8. It is important to avoid high external radiation. Fn addition, it is important to prevent dangerous radioactive material from entering the human body.

14. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод выделенных несвободных словосочетаний.

along with (7,17)

I. The equipment comprises a sensitive radio receiver along with a highly directional antenna system.