2. All electronic assemblies of airborne radar are cooled during the flight.

3. Once the wheels leave the ground, the airplane is airborne.

4. Between 1909 and 1914 a number of ba loon-borne expe-rimentors learned that the proportion of ions found in the atmosphere increased as they went up away from the Earth.

13. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многозначность слова whereby (11,12).

1. The cathode oscillograph is an instrument, whereby the wave form of an alternating voltage may be shown on a screen.

2. In an ion rocket the ions are pushed backward, whereby the rocket drives itself forward.

3. There is a process, called radiolysis, whereby nuclear radiation can cause water to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen.

14. Переведите предложения. Различайте глаголы rise (rose, risen) «подиН маться», raise (raised, raised) «поднимать» и arise (arose, arisen) «возникать» (11,14).

1. An important special case arises when two particles do not interact with each other,

2. Some isotopes are stable; the differences between them are those arising from difference in mass.

3. The sun rises in the East, moves across the sky, and sets in the West, only to repeat this journey the next day.

4. The energy supplied in electrical form to a cathode will continue to raise the temperature of the cathode until the rate of heat loss from the cathode balances the rate of heat input.

15. Переведите предложения, содержащие глаголы to capture (11,10) и to trap (11,17), близкие по своему значению.

1. Many of the neutrons that remain in the atmosphere are captured by the nuclei of nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere.

2. In the development of nuclear reactions a new energy source has been trapped - the energy stored in the interior of atoms.

3. The prospect of reaching other planets has captured the imagination of a great number of people.

16. Переведите предложения, содержащие близкие no значению глаголы Initiate (11,18) и originate.

Помните, что глагол Initiate является переходным («положить начало чему-л.»), а глагол originate - непереходным («возникнуть»).

1. The complex nuclear reactions, which initiate the transition of the primary cosmic ray beam in the atmosphere, form the main point of interest for the cosmic ray physicist.

2. The program directed toward the development of advanced technology radioisotope thermionic power supplies for space applications was Initiated in 1966.

3. Many of the most important advances in the field of optics in the last decade or two nave been directly stimulated by or

originated through progress in electrical engineering and its branches of communication sciences, microwave electronics and radioastronomy.

4. The large variety of new particles which originate in the process of forming heavy mesons have been discovered in cosmic ray recordings.

17. Переведите предложения, содержащие глагол to agree (11,28), имеющий несколько значений. Назовите слова, которые определили перевод «того слова.

1. All the scientists agree that with its low escape velocity, the Moon would be valuable as a starting-off point for interplanetary voyages.

2. In scientific matters usually facts must be based on observations. Scientists may disagree about how observations should be interpreted, but about the observations themselves there should be no dispute.

3. The usual method to prove the correctness of a scientific hypothesis is to test whetiier it agrees with observations or not.

18. Переведите предложения, содержащие глагол to speculate и существительное speculation (11,29).

Speculate v

1. We are especially interested in the composition .of the atmospheres of the planets, since we cannot specu ate about conditions there without this knowledge.

2. Once it was clear that the nucleus of an atom was made up of particles, Rutherford began to speculate on the possibility of knocking out* one or more of these particles.

3. Before attempting to speculate about the origin of cosmic radiation it was necessary to establish in detail the characteristics of this radiation.

speculation n

4. Speculation about how the mind works is as old as phy-losophy itself.

5. The discovery that atoms contain electrons led to the speculation that atomic spectra may result from electron motion within atoms.

6. There was considerable speculation as to the nature of X-rays.

7. Man has for centuries applied his intellect to speculations about celestial objects.

knock out - выбивать

то. Переведите существительные (левая колонка) и соответствующие им при-лагательные (правая колонка). Обратите внимание на то, что прилагатель. иые образованы от другого корня:

star stellar

earth terrestrial

sun solar

moon lunar

20. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многозначность предлога over:

1. «над» (чемл.); 2. «через» (с глаголами движения); 2. «свыше» (какой-то величины); 4. «по сравнению» (с чём-л.); 5. «на протяжении; в течение» (какого-то периода времени); «на» (какое-то расстояние)

1. Our control over nature is increasing every day.

2. The Chinese made the kite of a light framework of bamboo over which there was a cover of strong paper.

3. During the 1. G. Y. (International Geophysical Year) scientists from over sixty nations studied the surface of the earth on -a scale never before possible.

4. Radiation is a high-speed process which may transfer heat energy over great distances.

5. Ramjet is an advance over a piston engine.

6. One of the main advantages of fission energy over chemical energy is the vastly greater content achieved per pound of fuel.

21. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа особенности перевода глагола depend с двумя предложными дополнениями.

1. АН electromagnetic devices that do mechanical work depend for their operation on the forces that arise in the presence of electric and magnetic fields.

2. Fuel cells and other systems that depend on chemical reaction for the generation of energy were rejected because of excessive logistics 1 cost.

3. Angular velocity, like linear, depends for its value upon two variables, namely, the direction of the axis of rotation and the rate of rotation.

22. Повторение. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание иа перевод глаголов и глагольных словосочетаний.

А. Глаголы:

to promise, to store, to extend, to avoid, to affect, to ensure, to encounter, to impart, to attribute, to recognize.

1. The first manned space flight is an indication that our medical scientists working in this field have been following a correct road which promises further success.

2. The process whereby the brain stores and uses information Is little understood even to-day.

* logistics -транспортировка